Analysis of Emissions Profiles of Hydraulic Fracturing Engine Technologies
نویسندگان
چکیده
Today, the oil and gas industry, in particular hydraulic fracturing operations, have come under increasing pressure from regulators public to reduce emissions. As industry evolves, producers are position of evaluating alternative technologies which will support their objectives reducing overall emissions profile carbon footprint. a response, deployment technology solutions related applications has recently accelerated, creating various options address these challenges. BJ Energy Solutions West Virginia University been working on application characterization technologies. A study was conducted evaluate efficiency resultant technologies, including natural reciprocating engines, diesel-natural dual-fuel large (>24 MW) turbines, direct drive turbines. The involved development an model with purpose estimating total dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) exhaust methane (CH4) slip, all Greenhouse Gases (GHGs), converted tons CO2 equivalent per day operation. inputs required Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP) based pumping rate for shale play scenarios. calculates TITAN, is direct-drive turbine fielded by BJ, using data collected following U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) testing protocols. also compares other utilizing published Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) data. Relevant EPA-regulated criteria oxides nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) Particulate Matter (PM) reported. Modeling results demonstrated that most cases, TITAN system lower GHG than conventional diesel next-generation benefits compared stems significantly high-power transfer resulting directly connecting pump, despite comparatively thermal efficiency.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Energy and Power Engineering
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1949-243X', '1947-3818']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/epe.2023.151001